Primula Herbarium Specimens

Herbariums & References

To check plant names use the following websites:
Global Names Index or The International Plant Names Index or Tropicos or EOL or Plants of the World Online
Also consult the International Code of Nomenclature and review type definitions

For references to Botanical Publications and collections use:
Taxonomic Literature II (TL-2) or  Harvard's Index or Publications at IPNI or BHP Online.
See also Wikispecies.

To check the herbarium code use the following website:
Index Herbariorum

The following herbariums have Primula specimens available online or are holders of Primula type specimens. The first letter(s) are the herbarium code.
Please contact the webmaster if you know of other herbariums which should be listed here.

A - Harvard University Herbarium, Cambridge, USA
ALA - University of Alaska Museum of the North, Fairbanks, USA
ANC - Università di Ancona , Ancona, Italy
B - Botanischer Garten und Botanisches Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Zentraleinrichtung der Freien Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
BM - The Natural History Museum, London, UK
BP - Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary
BR - National Botanic Garden of Belgium, Meise, Belgium
C - Natural History Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
CAL - Central National Herbarium, Howrah, India (Specimens not online)
CAS - California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA
CDBI - Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
COI - University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
E - Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland
F - Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA
G - Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneva, Switzerland
GH - Harvard University Herbarium, Cambridge, USA
GOET - Universität Göttingen, Germany
HAST - Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei
HBG - Biozentrum Klein-Flottbek, Herbarium Hamburgense, Hamburg, Germany
HITBC - Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Academia Sinica, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China
IBSC - South China Botanical Garden, Guangdong, Guangzhou, China
JE - Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
K - Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
KATH - National Herbarium and Plant Laboratories, Godawari, Nepal (Beta system)
KH - Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Republic of Korea
KUN - Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
LBG - Lushan Botanical Garden, Lushan, Jiangxi, China
LE - V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia
LE - V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia
LINN - The Linnaean Society, London, UK
LIV - World Museum Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
M - Botanische Staatssammlung München, Munich, Germany
MAK - Tokyo Metropolitan University, Makino Herbarium, Tokoyo, Japan
MJG - Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany
MW - Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
NEBC - New England Botanical Club, Harvard University Herbarium, Cambridge, USA
NHN (includes L, U, WAG) - National Herbarium of the Netherlands
NY - New York Botanical Garden, C.V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, Bronx, USA
P - Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
PE - Institute of Botany, Chinese Acadamy of Sciences, Beijing, China or NHPE
PH - Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia Herbarium, Philadelphia, USA
RRLH - Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Janaki Ammal Herbarium, Jammu-Tawi, India
S - Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
SD - San Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, USA
THIM - National Biodiversity Centre, Thimphu, Bhutan
TI - University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
TNS - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan
TNS - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba, Japan (Types)
UPS - UPSV - Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
US -Smithsonian Institution, Washington, USA
W - Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, Wien, Austria
WU - Universität Wien, Institute of Botany, Vienna, Austria
YU - Yale University Herbarium, Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven, USA
Z - ZT - ZSS - Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland

A general index into several herbariums is provided at:
GBIF - Global Biodiversity Information Facility
JSTOR Global Plants
Chinese Virtual Herbarium (CVH)
Consortium of Pacific Northwest Herbaria, USA
iDigBio, USA
Intermountain Region Herbarium Network, USA
North American Network of Small Herbaria
NHN - National Herbarium of the Netherlands, includes (L, U, WAG)
PolBIN - Polish Biodiversity Information Network
Natural History Collection Database, Japan (S-Net)
Herbaria@home, UK
GBIF.DE (German Virtual Herbarium)
Sweden's Virtual Herbarium (GB, LD, OHN, S, UME, UPS)
SysTax German GBIF portal

Name References:
Tropicos Name Search
The International Plant Names Index
Harvard Index of Botanists

Palynological Database (Pollen)